Shock absorber



" March 30 1926.

' 1,578,976 A. FowBLE y SHOCK ABSORBER Filed M aroh 28, 1925 provide e iuid controlled shook absorber of' Peienied Men SMZCX ABSQRBER.

or nennen, omo.

geflieeton filed nieren 28, 1925. Serial: NolLl/e.

To Q33 whom i may concer/ri.'v

Be it known that i, Aromi: Fowenn, e citizen of the United States, residing et Beyon1 in the county of Montgomery and State oi Ohio, have invente/"i eertein new end useful improvements 4in Shock. Ahsorbersj of which the 'following is a speciiication, reference being had therein to theec coinpanying dra-Wing.

rThis invention relates to shock absorbers and more `particularly to e shock absorber of the .Huid controlled type for use on motor vehicles and vthe like.

Shock absorbers of this tyloe usueliy conv prise e, piston, the movement of which is controlled by e, body of Huid and means are provided for opening and closing a, passage Way through or about the piston so :is to permit free movement of the piston. or to cause the smneito nieve ageiinst the resistance of the fluid. ln all 'shockebsorbers of this type with which I am familiar it is necessary to imperi", operative .movement to the piston, that is movement against the action of the iuid, before the passageway een be opened or Giese/gi, thus the initial portion of v'vhet should be/ the free movement of the piston is resisted by the fluid `sind the initial portion or what. should be the controlled movement of the piston is free.- C ne object of the present invention is to provide av Huid coniroiied shock absorber in which the' passageway about the piston will be opened oriclosed before operative movement is imparted to the piston,

A further object of the invention is to the oscillatory' type having ivinfr piston which will he moved lengthwise toward or from the eiroumierentiel viali of the oylinder before transverse movement is imparted thereto. .f

A further object Gif/the invention is to provide ysiich a shook absdrber which will be of e simple inexpensive construction and of e very'strong durebleehereoten Other objects of the'invention will ai pear es the device is desori'o'ed in detnii. I

in the eccompenying dre-Wings F755, i. is e sid-e elevation of e shock absorber embodying invention; Fig. gis e, plein vievv of the cylindrical, easing, partly oroireigfewey to shovv the shaft and piston in section; ig, 3 is e section teken on the Eine 3-3 of Fig. 2A; and Figs` el, 5 end 65 are views of modified :torrie of pistons having relief valves.

In these drawings have illustrated one embodiment off'` my invention. and have shown the saine as designed primarily for use on n motor vehicle but it "will heronderstoodihet the invention. may toire various. forms and may be' utiiized for various por' poses, Y i .ln that embodiment of the inventionhero shown the shock absorber comprises, e cylin'- i dricalv casing l having its inner end Well 2 formed integral therewith end having the outer edge of its circumferential Well provided with en annular recess 3 which forms a sent 'for e transverse partition or plete i which constitutes the outer head of the'oyiinder. Mounted on the outer portion oi the casingl is a capV 5 which, in the present in? stance, is-screw threaded onto the circuitierential Wall of the easing and is provided with an inwardly `extending annuler iienge 6 which overlaps the recess 3 andphite '4g so es io clamp the hitter rrnly on its seat. rlhe transverse or outer wall of this cap is spaced from the cylinder heed to @provide e reservoir for the storage .of a.\reserve quantity of liquid and this reservoir com inunieetes with the cylinder formed in the'l body of the casing l through epesseg'evvsy. j? so as to maintain n constant supply of #liquid in the cylinder. As here shown, the

passageway 7 is uncontrolled but obviou. iy it be provided with e ohe'ckvalve if desired. Journaled in the oep 5 and Well 4 is a shaft 8, the inner end portion of which 9G extends across the cylinder and is provided With en enlarged or hob portion 9, the ends of which are seated in recesses l0 and 1l formed in the inner faees'oif the Wells 2 end L Arranged Within the cylinder is :i bled@ or wing piston l2 which extends substen tially tangential to the shaft and is so connected therewith that it will be moved iengthwise toward or from the cylindrical Weil of the cylinder before it is moved transversely to its lengtli/v 'Gonseqiiently when the shaft is inovedn/,one direction the piston will be inoved evey fromv the Well to provide a passageway oetv'veen the Wall and the end of: the piston before` oscillatory or operative movement *if imparted to the `piston, and when the shaft is moved' in the op, posits direotion' the' piston will be moved outwardly to close this" passageway before operative or` oscillatory movement is Eisnparted to elle piston. .f in the`vresent`eonstruction, the'huh 9 of the sheit ont ewey f i' on one sicle to violee eeceee iia which the inner' ee.

- so arranged that the initial. rotation of the elicit will impari; lengthwise movement to `tl1e'piston lictorc the piston is cruised to rotete with the shaft. Preferably tlie exis ot the piston is aranged iii zi redini. line spaced approximately ninety degrees from tlie re" dial line in which the outer cnil ott the pis ton i'siocated. lt will be obvious that this spacing will *mty because of thev relative movements of the'piston and the shaft is a result of this consti'nczi'ioii it will 'oe eppzu'eiittlmt with the potes in the position sho-W11 in Fig. 2 tlie iin-,ici move-nient of tile shaftin e clockwie elicctioo. @viii import lengthwise movement to the piston to move the outer enti tlieieof away fiom tile ciecumieientiei Wall of this cylinder before Siltiansveiee o1' oscillatory movement is imentiel Well oi the cylimiee until tiie parted to the piston. Awie amount o this lengthwise movement of the piston is limitetit by the space .between the fece of the piston and tlie irme? wall Qi the recess i8. the shaft is movedf/vith relation to the pie ton Such a, distance that this Well Willcoiiie in conta/ct with the :tace of the piston the letter is caused "to rotate with the" shaft about theY exis of the letter. Likewise when the -slmit is iiotetefl in a. counties-clockwise direction the pistoia. will be moved outi'eiftl ly in ii'streigli; line toward the ciceiii'nee-A imei Wall of the yecess'contects with the iiiiiei; end -fooiion ci the piston, which some distance beyond its` mais. The space between the hule l anni the Wellso'' the cylindei' is divicled by the usuel ebutment l5. In the picseiii; construction no special outlet lies been piovifiefl for the escape oi the liquid when the piston is moved to lie left 1n F 2 but tlie leakage about, tlie several joints will permit the escape oi the liquid in suiiicient quantities to permit desired movement ci the eistenu lo practice the casing is mounted on the frame of ,en automobile, as shown ai; i6, and it is here shown es provided with bolt receiving lugs l? for this purpose. Rieiclly connected to the outei` end of the shaft 8 is on actuating erm 18 with which is pivot-ally connected a link or connecting rofl illl the opposite enti of which connects with the axle of the automatici in. the usuel mii-imei.

The operation o'l cievicc will he readily opwzud movement 0i` i'ebounol of the frame,

the piston'will moveY out instantly into con4 tect .with the circumferential Wall of the cyliiidcn and will tl'xcii'be moved with the elicit :mtl the resistance oli-'creci by the liquid in the cylinder to the movement of the pistoit will *clicclt the iebouiitl Because olf the movement of the siieft wliicli is necessary to open :and close the )i.1ssageivey it will be 'im-ther apparent that the erin, .i8 will loe c'zipzililcloi a, lin'iitecl- :unouot oi movement in one direction or the other before the piston becomes opemtive miti consequently the body oi the automobile Willoe permitted to Vlieve its usuel or normal movement with relation to the axle without being effected by the sliocicebsoibei enel tlie Shock absorber will become operative only upon excessive movement of the body with relation to the exile.

ln Figs. 4t, 5 amel 6, l lieve. shown modified ioims o pistons l2 which provided with iel-ie' volvcs.- The additioneel ieliep for the liquid is advantageous cold couiitriesoi' when it ie desirous to use :i heavy oil. .iii fl the felici? veli/*e consists of e Div oted at 2l. in Fig. 5 the :relief velve his o, ball 20 seeteti in e pocket Q3 and ieteiiieti tliei'ein by o Simp 24., fi' Fig. 65 the relief valve 25 is oi` the poppet, type emi. is adapted to clo'se ports 26.

`Wliile l lieve shown and ciesciilaetl one em.u bcdinfeiit o??? invention It wish it to be iincleeetooe 'iiotc'ieeiee to iimiteol' to the tieteile 'thereof es 'vii-loos i'oocliiice.-

iol-s' may ecco?? to person skilled in tile efe wieg mow fully le my invention wlmi l cile. L es new emi lesive to secure by Letters Fatemi? ief li in e sliccli elosoioei"e e cjyliiiclricel in?, e sliai't. mouiitecl eeitl end pieton ioouitetl iii Seidl casing; and conc-d with Seid sliei't for oscillatory :move

iiec meut lietewit"i, 'the connection between said' l i e e i st beine; suolithat t t; of seid slieift will move i ii'eciiioii of its length vlie-- fore osciilelcoiy movement. in'ipaifteal thereto.

2,. in o. siiocl; ebsorbcr, e, cyliifiiicel ceeQ ing, :i elieotatebly momited ie eeici caeingenti. eimiigefl axially tlieieoie7 e 'Wing piston mouotecl eeiti casing? emi means 'for causing seid. shelf@ to liist impcst lengthl Wise" iiioi'emeiit to seid piston and then to move seid piste-'n tieiisvesely to its length.

ii. ln. e eliocl; elieocbe'.; e. cylindrical. ces

lili

Till@ tee ing, an axial shaft journaled in said casing,

a wing piston, and means for pivotally con necting said piston with said shaft on an axis arallel with but' spaced from the axis.

of said shaft. 4. In a shock absorber, a casing, an axial shaft journaled in said casing and having va. hub portion, said hub portion having one side partially `cut away to forni a recess, a

wing piston pivotally mounted in said re'- -Cess on an axis parallel with but spacedI from the axis of said shaft, the fa'ceof said piston being spaced from the inner wall of said recess -to permit said piston' to have pivotal movement with relation to said hub.

5. In a shock absorber, a cylindrical casing, an axial shaft journaled in said casing, a .Wing piston arranged within said casing and pivotally connected with said shaft, the axis of said pivotal connection being' arranged in a radial line spaced substantially 1 ninety degrees from the radial line in which the outer end of'said 1 y -6. In a shock absor 7. In a shock absorber, a cylindrical eas# ing,'an axial shaft journaled in said casing,

a Wing piston arranged within'said casing, and means for causing the initial movement of said shaft to move said piston toward or from the Wall of said casing and' to cause the subsequent movement of said shaft 'to impart transverse movement to said piston about the axis of said shaft.

8. In a shock absorber, a cylindrical cas ing, a shaft mounted'in said casing, a Wing pistonmounted `in said casing and connected with said shaft for oscillatory movementv therewith, the connection between said Wing piston and said shaft being such that the initial movement of said shaft will move said piston in the direction of its length before' oscillatoryA movement is imparted thereio, and a relief valve for said piston.

Q ,In a shock absorber, a cylindrical casing, a shaft rotatably mounted in said casing and arranged axially thereof, a Wing piston mounted in said casing, means for causing said shaft to first im art lengthwise movement to said piston an then to move said piston transversely to its length, and a relief valve for said piston- 1'0. In a shock absorber, a cylindrical cas# ing, an axial shaft journaled in said .casing, a wing piston, means for ivotally connecting said piston with sai shaft on an axis parallel with but spaced from the axis of said shaft, and a relief valve for said piston.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature hereto.

ARCHIE FOWBLE. 

